Fundamental physical metrology with cold molecules

Accurate frequency measurements are vital in fields such as fundamental physics and physical chemistry. Improved frequency standards could enhance our ability to probe the fundamental laws underpinning basic principles of metrology, which in turn affects our understanding of fields like quantum mechanics and physics beyond the standard model. In order to assess the stability of fundamental constants, research in these areas relies on comparisons between atomic or molecular clocks, commonly using optical fibre networks. Molecular clocks rely on ultracold molecules with transitions that typically fall within the mid-infrared (mid-IR) part of the spectrum. However, there is a need for further development of frequency standards and quality laser technology in this range, to including sources for more complex ultracold molecules.

This project will develop cold and ultracold molecules alongside ultra-stable lasers suitable for improved frequency standards. This work will include the development of ultra-high-resolution spectrometers in the microwave and UV regions; mid-infrared frequency standards based on ultracold molecules; and stable, traceable laser sources in new regions of the mid-IR. It will also perform high resolution spectroscopy on simple molecular species to improve the determination of fundamental constants.

The project’s work will improve frequency measurements through the developed standards, sources and spectrometry, helping to facilitate the next generation of research in fundamental physics.