Case Studies

Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Surgery is a common treatment but where it may be difficult, or cause disfigurement, it is often supplemented or replaced with radiotherapy (RT). In RT, medical accelerators or irradiating sources deliver ionising radiation, such as high-energy photons, protons, or electron...

One in two people will get cancer within their lifetime. Radiotherapy (RT) is an important tool used to kill cancer cells, shrink tumours, and relieve symptoms. In this type of treatment, beams of high-energy photons or subatomic particles such as electrons or protons, are delivered to patients using medical accelerators. Whil...

The radiofrequency (RF) part of the electromagnetic spectrum (between 3 kHz and 300 GHz) is used by many current communication systems – including mobile phone networks, TV broadcasting, public radio, and satellites. To reduce interference between these different applications they operate in separate RF “bands” at different fre...

Time and frequency (T&F) reference signals underpin electricity grids, global navigation and the internet. Most applications use signals from orbiting satellites, but their precision is insufficient for advanced research into such things as fundamental physics and quantum technologies. One alternative is to deliver clock signa...

Nanoparticles (NPs) are extremely small – less than 100 nm in size. Due to their high surface area, nanoparticles often have increased activity. This has led to their use in a wide range of modern products, including sunscreen, fuel cells, semiconductors, drug and gene delivery vehicles, or as contrast agents for Magnetic Reson...

Infusion therapy, where drugs are delivered into a patient’s veins or under their skin, is the most common kind of medical therapy. These methods have applications across areas like pain relief, anaesthesia and chemotherapy, and require a precise dose of a drug to be delivered at a specific rate. In some instances, such as neon...